Here are my top ten reasons for supporting Andrew Coyne (@acoyne on Twitter) for leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. Please tweet any of these reasons, or your own reasons, and hashtag the tweet with #Coyne4LPC #cdnpoli #lpc.

1. Andrew Coyne is a genuine democrat and he could lead democratic reform of our politics and political institutions. As he wrote in April 2011: "What we cannot afford is the continuing slide of Parliament, and parliamentary democracy, into disrepair. Conventions once discarded, habits of self-government once lost, are much harder to regain."
2. The #lpc has a serious credibility problem and Andrew Coyne has credibility in spades. I'm sure he would resign rather than compromise his integrity.
3. Andrew Coyne advocates for smart public policy, which will appeal to reasonable people who've supported the #lpc, #cpc and #gpc. Especially environmental policy (carbon tax, road tolls, etc).
4. Andrew Coyne is a fiscal conservative who is unafraid of confronting sacred cow legacy #lpc policies such as supply management. He would shake things up in #cdnpoli, especially in the West.
5. Andrew Conyne is a strong federalist and advocate for the liberty of individual Canadians.
6. Andrew Coyne well understands our history and politics and is an excellent speaker and writer. He would perform well in the House of Commons and communicate well with Canadians.
7. Andrew Coyne would not be a handmaiden to business, as he believes in unwinding government subsidies to businesses in all their various forms.
8. Andrew Coyne is well respected for his understanding of both #cdnpoli and economics.
9. Andrew Coyne would represent Canada well to the world. He's a bilingual patriot who is well informed on international affairs.
10. It would be very difficult for the #cpc to effectively attack Andrew Coyne.

Comments from Canadians on the idea of Andrew Coyne running for leader of the Liberal Party of Canada.

• "Coyne as Liberal leader might be the only plausible scenario in which I'd reconsider my own allegiance [to the Conservative Party of Canada]" - a longtime Conservative partisan and organizer
• "That would be pretty awesome" - Curtis from Muskoka
• "#Liberals4Coyne? Yes, I can get behind this." - Brian from Ottawa
• "I highly endorse @jesse_helmer's #Liberals4Coyne campaign, although the Economists' Party hates to lose the guy" - Mike from London
• "He'd get my vote." Chris from Sudbury
• "I read your post [about Coyne for leader of the LPC] with interest." Dave from Waterloo
• "#Liberals4Coyne? Okay! #TeamCoyne" Heather from Ottawa
• "Hmmmm... that would be VERY interesting." - Matt from London
• "We should be so lucky." - Rob from Toronto
• "I'd probably vote for the Coyne Liberals." - Alex from Brantford
• "I'm serious. If you get Andrew to run, I will become a card carrying Liberal! I love Andrew Coyne (far too much for my hubs' liking... lol)" - Anonymous from London
• "Amazing choice. Would be a formidable opponent, and I know a lot of disaffected Libs that would come back for him!" Justin from London
• "It would suck, because I'm a commited Conservative.  I prefer him in the media, where he can hold all parties to account." Tony from Ottawa
• "I'm liking the sounds of this! he seems to have a very high level of integrity and respect for government and could put up a strong fight in a campaign. Andrew is a bit 'right' on some issues but would certainly be much more compassionate than Harper and his trolls. this could be that 'wow' moment..." - Sean from Niagara Falls
• "I don't know about others, but I could use a fresh breath and new ideas from outside the traditional avenues of party politics. I would certainly be willing to listen to Mr. Coyne and his concerns and perspective." - Randy from Penatanguishene
• "Although I think that what the Liberals really need is a coherent policy direction (rather than some grab bag of ideas) and an attitude adjustment, having a leader with credentials and an ability to both analyse and communicate policy would be a tremendous boost. Coyne would help bring back all the "small 'l'" liberals who have been holding their noses and voting CPC because of the perception that the Liberals are too big-government oriented. Liberalism is supposed to be about small government and personal freedom, and I think the Liberal party would do well to get back to those roots." Devin from Saskatoon
• "As a voice of reason alone I would support his leadership. Lord knows we need some of that in Ottawa." Wes from Vancouver

Alf App's paper on rebuilding the Liberal Party of Canada is definitely worth reading. On a tactical level, it contains a lot of good ideas. It also provides a unique and informative perspective on the inner-workings of the Liberal Party, especially the extra-parliamentary organization and how it relates to the parliamentary organization.

But Alf's analysis misses a few crucial points, some of which I've already discussed in my earlier post on the roadmap recommendations.

First, there is no discussion or acknowledgment of the rise of the Green Party of Canada since 2003. In fact, there is barely any mention of the Green Party at all. In my experience, the Green Party is supported by a wide range of very reasonable people. Remarkably, the GPC increased its popular vote by 800% from 2000 to 2008 before sliding back to just over 540,000 votes in the last election. One of my provisional theories, based mostly on my own dealings with Green supporters, is that they are quite often either disaffected Progressive Conservatives or disaffected Liberals. The Green Party is also quite popular among young people. Understanding why former PCs, former Liberals and younger people vote Green is key to rebuilding our base of supporters.

Second, the paper does not adequately confront a series of uncomfortable truths:

• Alienation of the West since the Diefenbaker era, reinforced by the National Energy Policy brought in under Trudeau (there are zero mentions of energy policy in the document) and subsequent deficit of talented and experienced Liberal politicians elected in the West (there have been a few)
• The damage done to the credibility of the Liberal Party by the Chretien/Martin infighting and the sponsorship scandal, especially in Québec
• The departure of a significant number of successful Liberal politicians with experience in cabinet (Chretien, Rock, Manley, Martin, Copps, Graham, McLellan, Peterson, Robillard, Boudria, Pettigrew, Stewart, Mitchell, Collenette, Caplan, Anderson, Cauchon), including virtually all of the ministers with experience in economic or international portfolios except John McCallum, Ralph Goodale and Reg Alcock (who has since passed away).
• The disastrous attempt, shortly after the election in 2008, to form a governing coalition with the NDP, supported by the Bloc Québecois
• The interim-to-ratified-Leader path that Ignatieff followed, and its influence on how he was perceived by Canadians
• The successive selection of two Leaders (Dion, 2 years; and Ignatieff, 2.5 years) who were not well liked by Canadians and who quit as Leader after leading the party to defeat in one election

This chart from the Pundit's Guide shows the cumulative effect of these events. The decline started showing up after the 2000 election.

The alienation of the West is a huge problem and one that has, in fact, gotten worse in recent years. In 2004, running against the new Conservative Party and Stephen Harper, the Liberal Party received 22% of the vote, won two seats and placed second in every other riding (26). In 2011, the LPC received 9.3% of the vote and only placed second in three ridings. In 2008, local Liberal candidates in Alberta only spent 24% of the spending limit (presumably 2011 was just as bad, or worse). We need to listen to folks in the West and propose policies that reasonable people will support. Exaggerating the danger posed by the Conservatives will be counterproductive for us, especially in the West. Many of the ideas in the roadmap regarding EDAs will apply in the West, especially Alberta.

The sponsorship scandal: any time it comes up, we need to apologize for it happening while we were the government. Paul Martin's address to Canadians was actually very good in this regard:

I want to talk to you directly tonight – about the problems in the sponsorship program; about how I’ve responded to them as your prime minister; and about the timing of the next general election.

Let me speak plainly: what happened with the sponsorship file occurred on the watch of a Liberal government. Those who were in power are to be held responsible. And that includes me.

I was the Minister of Finance. Knowing what I've learned this past year, I am sorry that we weren’t more vigilant - that I wasn't more vigilant. Public money was misdirected and misused. That’s unacceptable.

But the Conservatives love to keep bringing it up and we need to respond responsibly when they do because it was very serious failure of governance. For example, in 2010, in response to David McGuinty's questions in the House of Commons about Rahim Jaffer and Helena Guergis, John Baird said: "Is there a single member in the Liberal caucus who will stand and apologize right now for the Liberal sponsorship scandal? Just one member stand up right now." Rather than continuing on about Jaffer/Guergis, McGuinty should have simply acknowledged that the sponsorship program was a mess and that he was sorry that it happened on the watch of a Liberal government. Beyond being a huge waste of public funds (see the auditor general's report if you've forgotten the details), the sponsorship scandal severely damaged the credibility and morale of Liberal members of parliament, staffers, members and supporters, especially in Québec. We owe them an apology as well.

Unfortunately, there is not much we can do about the retirement of senior Liberal politicians. But we should realize that we no longer have the credibility that these folks provided and that it is up to a younger generation of Liberals to lead the way. There is hope for these aspirants: Stephen Harper was just  34 years old when he was first elected as an MP, 45 when he was Leader of the Opposition and 47 when he became Prime Minister. Rebuilding our party will take a long time, so this younger generation will have to be determined and persistent in the face of adversity.

The attempted coalition, while a perfectly legitimate means of governing, was a terrible idea. Coming as a surprise, in response to a threat to party financing, and in partnership with the NDP and Bloc, this was perhaps the single biggest failure of the Liberal Party since Harper became Prime Minister. I am sure the intentions of those involved were noble, but for the Liberal Party, this one decision tarnished our credibility with voters who do not support the NDP or the Bloc. Here are the main reasons why, in my view:

• It was too soon after the election, so the move appeared anti-democratic.
• The economic update threaten public financing of parties, so the moved looked selfish.
• The person put forward as Prime Minister, Stéphane Dion, had very low personal approval ratings in the polls, so it seemed unjust.
• The coalition would have to depend on the support of the Bloc, but many of our supporters have a distinct antipathy towards the Bloc.

All of these reasons would motivate blue Liberals to support the Conservatives instead of the Liberals. These are exactly the people the Conservatives needed to peel away from the Liberal Party in order to secure their majority government. We could not have made it any easier for the Conservatives.

The appointment and ratification of Ignatieff as Leader was short-sighted. I say this as someone who supported Ignatieff from the start and who believes that he is a good man who did a good job in very bad circumstances. But we should always rely on the considered judgement of our members to choose our Leader. In addition to alienating many of our members, appointing and then ratifying Ignatieff as Leader played right into the way the Conservatives were framing him as an out-of-touch elitist.

Like many of the points above, our successive selection of Dion and Ignatieff as leaders of the party, and their rather short tenures, has further damaged our credibility with voters. Given the scope of the defeats, and the circumstances after the 2008 and 2011 elections, I can understand why both of them resigned. But it is very harmful to be continually introducing a new person as leader of our party. Since Paul Martin in 2006, we have had four others: Bill Graham, Dion, Ignatieff and Bob Rae. Only Dion was selected by members and none were selected using our new weighted one-member, one-vote system. As we look forward to selecting our next Leader in 2012, we should keep this in mind: we need someone who can survive a defeat, if that happens, and who Canadians can come to know over time as a reasonable and better alternative.

The national board of the Liberal Party has put forward some ideas in the Roadmap for Renewal. There are two versions of the document: one endorsed by the national board of directors (8 pages, PDF) and the longer one (79 pages, PDF), which are essentially the views of Alf Apps, president of the party.

While I agree with quite a few of the ideas proposed in the paper (comments are below), and they are certainly worth debating, I think the paper misses a few important points that are crucial to our future success as a political party. We can make all the internal improvements we want, but if we don't get the high level stuff right, we're sunk.

1. The Liberal Party should be a party of choice for reasonable people.
   1. Treatment of opponents: the corollary of this is that all forms of exaggeration and hyperbole, both positive and negative, should be avoided. The Leader and caucus, who are the public face of the party as represented by the news media, should not engage in doomsaying about our opponents. Every time we attack the Conservatives or NDP with exaggerated claims that make them look as bad as possible, we alienate the reasonable people who have voted Conservative or NDP. This has obvious implications for Question Period and how caucus behaves in the House of Commons. It's as simple as following the golden rule: treat our opponents as we would like them to treat us. Failing to follow this simple rule has led our politics into the sad state it is in now.
   2. Policy development: reasonable people need to be convinced of the merits of policies before they will support them. So we need to be engaged in continuous policy development, seeking good ideas and expertise wherever we can find them. This means that we need to respect and believe that Canadians are experts on their own lives and can help us identify problems that lend themselves to a public solution. It also means that our policies should be based on evidence and refined through consultation to be as good as possible. As a result, we should not have any "surprise" policies or hold back our policy ideas. Our good policy ideas should survive elections, whether we form the government or not.
   3. Fiscal policy: we need to be honest with Canadians about both revenue and expenditure. Federal taxes as a percentage of GDP have never been lower, but we have said nothing about the huge cut to the GST and its relationship to the deficits we are running at the federal level. We must have the courage to talk about tax increases when they are necessary just as we must have the courage to review programs and cut expenditures when they are necessary.
2. The Liberal Party should be a party for liberty and opportunity.
   1. Reform of existing policy: I don't mean that we need to start dismantling the welfare state as it exists in Canada, but we do need to re-assess a lot of the regulations, laws and institutions that exist (and in many cases were implemented by the Liberal Party) -- are they really necessary? This will mean re-examining and reforming a lot of sacred cows: the Wheat Board, supply management, private delivery of health care, the criminal code & sentencing, federal-provincial jurisdiction and powers, the Senate, immigration, the military, EI, copyright and intellectual property law, review of foreign investment, etc.
   2. Poverty: we should seek to reduce poverty (i.e. the lack of opportunity) as much as possible.
   3. Inter-generational equity: we should keep in mind the impact that our decisions today will have on the liberty of future generations. This has obvious implications for environmental policy, natural resource policy, the federal debt, education and many other areas.
   4. Taxes & spending: prioritizing liberty doesn't mean that we hate taxation, but it does require that we spend tax dollars effectively and continuously review and improve programs.
   5. Openness: we should push for government to be more open, with the default being that government information is open, not secret.
3. The Liberal Party should be a party of integrity.
   1. Our leader and candidates should be people of great personal integrity.
   2. In the short term, our policy should be consistent, whether we are in opposition or in government. Over the longer term, our policy will likely change as we learn and discover news ways of addressing public problems. We will only succeed in electoral politics if we can gain the trust of reasonable people. Consistency in policy coupled with open-mindedness over the longer term is key to our credibility.
4. The Liberal Party should stop evaluating elections solely in terms of forming the government or not forming the government.
   1. Hopefully, one positive result of our falling popular vote has been a shift in thinking within the party that "winning the election" only means "forming the government." Obviously, it is easiest to advance our policy agenda if we elect enough MPs to form the government. And surely, we want to elect as many MPs as possible, but we should have other goals as well: what policies did we advance in campaign? How did perceptions of those policies change during the campaign? How good are the candidates we run in each riding? How qualified and effective are the members of our caucus to advance our policy agenda? The members of cabinet or critics? How much support do we have throughout the country? The collapse of the PC Party and the rise of Reform and the Bloc masked our failures in some of these areas for many years.
   2. We should not necessarily demand or expect that our Leader resign if we do not form the government. It takes time for Canadians to get to know and support the leader of a political party. Handling defeat well is something Canadians will respect.
   3. Post-election coalitions or cooperation is a legitimate means of forming a government. But we must be clear with voters in advance if we are willing to enter into such arrangements with other parties. No surprises after the fact. And we must believe that forming the government in a coalition is a better way of advancing our policy agenda than being an effective opposition party.

Proposals from the Roadmap for Renewal

1. Major themes and priorities: obviously, I think these are less important than the four main points that I've made above. The first point about EDAs is probably not accurate: I know from experience that our EDA in London West is doing really well, but we still only came second. The NDP EDA in the riding is not very active, and they did quite well in the election. I believe it had nothing to do with their EDA.
2. Funding the party: reasonable ideas to raise more money, but nothing revolutionary. I like the idea of axing the Revenue Committee -- what does it do, anyway?
3. New category of "Supporter". This is basically a shift to free party membership.
   • Cons: it is very likely to increase the costs associated with Leader and nomination contests, as it costs more money to connect with more potential voters. Given existing rules for political fundraising, and expected future revenues of the party, this could be very problematic. For example, Obama raised $23 million for the primaries and caucuses in the USA and Hilary Clinton raised $20 million. Translated to Canadian scale, that would be $2.3 million and $2 million. Also, I'm not sure how this higher threshold for costs would affect the quality and quantity of candidates.
   • It contributes to the perception that the Prime Minister is directly elected by the people instead of serving in the role as first among equals because he or she is leader of the party. I'm not sure I like adopting more aspects of republicanism.
   • It is likely to increase the influence of the Leader relative to the influence of the other elected MPs, possibly leading to less incentive for people to run for election as an MP, less effective MPs and worse decision-making.
   • I'm not so worried about the possibility of a "takeover" by fake supporters, especially if it were done by preferential ballot.
   • Pros: it would encourage identification of supporters outside of election campaigns.
   • It may also further democratize the selection of our Leader and candidates. In conjunction with more open local nominations, this could encourage people who don't have a long history of political involvement to run.

Right now, I'm in favour of trying the weighted one-member, one-vote approach, which we've never used, before switching to this system for selection our leader.

4. Online and electronic voting: this is a terrible idea. The consequences of a compromised election are very bad and widespread (it affects everyone, not just the people whose votes are compromised), it is very hard to maintain a secure system, and scrutineering/auditing the results is very difficult. This is an idea that people support because very few of them understand the serious risks associated with it.
5. Mail-in voting: this is a good idea. Much easier to audit and much harder to compromise. Did you know that Oregon has very high voter turnout and they love mail-in voting? It's true.
6. Open nominations: great idea.
7. Streamlining of operations (i.e. getting rid of the PTAs, sort of): I don't see a need for any provincial or territorial associations. If anything, I think we should organize the national party by function (policy development, contesting elections) and have geographic representation for cities and other regions (i.e. regional rather than by province/territory) on the national board. For example:
   • if we really want regional representation, instead of the president of each PTA, let's have one representative each for the GTA, Metro Montreal, and Metro Vancouver (the three really big cities) and one each for BC (non-Metro Vancouver), AB, Saskitoba (SK, MB), Ontario (non-GTA), Quebec (non-Montreal), the Atlantic provinces (NS, NB, PEI, NL) and the North (NWT, NU, YK). That's ten representatives instead of 12 and more representative of the population and urban/rural realities.
8. I'd get rid of all of the commissions -- I don't see the value in dividing people up by gender, age or ancestry and it adds unnecessary complexity.
9. Director of Digital Operations reporting to the board -- seems strange to have the person report directly to the board instead of to the national director (i.e. CEO of the party). Regardless, not a big deal.
10. Putting more resources into Liberalist: great idea.
11. Strategic plan and annual report: yes! Both very good ideas and long overdue.
12. Council of Presidents: not really sure what this body does or why we need it. With 308 members, it's unwieldy.
13. "Preparing for Victory": see not exaggerating and what winning the election means, above. Deadlines for election readiness stuff: seems reasonable.